Land + Control
No todo empezó en 1898
The land story in Puerto Rico did not start from zero in 1898; the receipts show older inequality meeting new imperial rules, credit, markets, and infrastructure.
Receipt Spine
- Ayala/Bergad complicate the simple claim that the whole land problem started when the flag changed in 1898.
- The local source sprint records pre-1898 land concentration, landlessness, and rural inequality as part of the receipt trail.
- The public claim stays balanced: after 1898, power changed through government, currency, markets, credit, roads, ports, and who could endure.